Jim,
I don’t know if what I say will be helpful at all, and I hesitate to get involved in this conversation since I’m knee-deep in seminary studies right now, but here goes. The study of history may be correllated to the study of science. Science may tell you there was a big bang, for example. But it is outside the realm of science to say that a supreme being, AKA God caused that big bang. Science may be adequate to determine what is happening and what happened in the past in the natural realm. But it would be “cheating” for a scientist to say that God stepped in and did thus and such—a scientist, by the nature of secular scientific philosophy, must look for natural causes. It is up to the theologian to find the meaning and possibly the ultimate cause of existence.
The study of history is similar. Take someone who fancies himself a historian who studies the life of Jesus, such as John Dominic Crossan. Crossan looks at the life of Jesus through the study of the typical Mediterranean peasant and makes determinations about who he thinks Jesus LIKELY was, apart from the strict Biblical record. A historian will consider it outside the realm of history to make faith claims about what Jesus means to people in history. He just considers the evidence of who he thinks Jesus was, which, to Crossan, is a Mediterranean Jewish peasant cynic who was executed by the Roman authorities, buried in a shallow grave, and eaten by dogs, not literally resurrected. Crossan’s is not the only opinion out there, of course, just one of the more radical ones. History, like science, draws the line at any form of supernaturalism, any mention of God’s actions in history, because God, to them, is not a character in history.
When you think of history and science in the academic world, you have to realize that those are areas divorced from any faith claim. I, for one, unlike Francis Schaeffer, don’t think there’s anything wrong with taking a “leap in the dark.” Contrary to folks like Josh McDowell, I believe there is only so much that can be historically verified. I think it’s foolish to look for evidence of Noah’s Ark, for example. I don’t need to see the wood of Noah’s Ark to believe in the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and God the father of Jesus. That Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the Living God, is a faith statement that is beyond the realm of history or science. I choose to confess that, indeed, Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the Living God. I choose to open my eyes and see that God is indeed active in history. But you would have a hard time convincing a secular historian of that. Science and history have their limitations, and that is where faith steps in. Otherwise, how could it be faith?